Over the past two days, global financial markets have been shaped by escalating trade tensions, fiscal policy shifts in Europe, and central bank decisions. Investors are closely monitoring key economic indicators, interest rate expectations, and geopolitical developments that could influence market trends.

United States: Stock Market Decline & Inflation Trends

President Donald Trump’s administration has intensified trade disputes by imposing new tariffs, including a 200% tariff on European alcohol imports. These measures have heightened economic uncertainty, leading to a decline in business and consumer sentiment, weakened manufacturing output, and a notable drop in stock prices.

The S&P 500 has now entered correction territory, falling over 10% from its February peak, wiping out approximately $5 trillion in market value. Investors are now focused on the Federal Reserve’s upcoming meeting, seeking signals of potential interest rate cuts to counteract the economic slowdown.

The U.S. Producer Price Index (PPI) for February 2025, released on March 13, 2025, showed no change from the previous month, contradicting expectations of a 0.3% increase. This stability in producer inflation was driven by a 4.7% drop in gasoline prices, which offset a 53.6% surge in egg prices. Annually, the PPI rose 3.2%, slowing from January’s 3.7% increase.

This moderation in inflationary pressures may provide the Federal Reserve more flexibility in upcoming interest rate decisions. The next PPI report, covering March 2025 data, will be released on April 11, 2025, at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time.

Eurozone: Germany’s Fiscal Expansion Boosts Markets

In Germany, Chancellor-in-waiting Friedrich Merz has reportedly secured an agreement with the Greens to increase state borrowing, aiming to establish a €500 billion infrastructure fund. This potential fiscal expansion has improved investor sentiment, pushing Germany’s DAX index up 1.7%, reaching a one-week high, while the euro strengthened against major currencies.

However, German bond yields have also risen, reflecting investor caution over the implementation and potential economic impact of these policy shifts.

United Kingdom: BOE Prepares for Next Monetary Policy Decision

The Bank of England (BOE) is preparing for its upcoming monetary policy meeting as global economic uncertainties persist. While specific developments from the past two days remain limited, the UK’s economic outlook remains closely tied to trade negotiations and domestic fiscal policies.

China: Stimulus Measures & Growth Targets

Chinese regulators are urging banks to support consumer spending, aiming to boost economic growth. Additionally, following the conclusion of China’s “Two Sessions”, policymakers have emphasized:

• Increased investment in the tech sector
• A 5% annual GDP growth target
• An expanded fiscal deficit allowance

These measures are designed to counteract rising global protectionism and support China’s domestic economy, though their impact on consumer spending remains uncertain.

Japan: Bank of Japan Considers Rate Hike

The Bank of Japan (BOJ) is considering a rate hike, driven by expectations of wage growth and rising consumer spending. This potential policy shift indicates the BOJ’s strategy to balance economic expansion while managing inflation targets.

Turkey: Economic Trends & Global Trade Impact

While there have been no major economic developments in the past two days, Turkey’s economy remains influenced by global trade dynamics and domestic fiscal policies. Key macroeconomic indicators continue to be closely monitored for potential market impacts.

Other Notable Developments: Energy Market Concerns

The International Energy Agency (IEA) has raised concerns that rising global trade tensions could suppress energy demand, leading to declining oil prices. The IEA has slightly revised its oil demand growth estimates lower, citing:

• Deteriorating macroeconomic conditions
• New U.S. tariffs impacting global trade and oil markets

These factors could contribute to weakened global energy demand and increased market volatility in the oil sector.